Colombia	Rank	Value
Pre-University Education	89	50.2
KNOWLEDGE CAPITAL	89	47.3
Enrolment	35	47.6
Gross enrolment ratio, primary (%)	108	54.2
Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary (%)	58	39.6
Out-of-school children (%)	64	48.9
Completion	89	61.6
Gross graduation ratio, primary (%)	80	82.0
Gross graduation ratio, upper secondary (%)	48	46.5
Survival rate, last grade of lower secondary (%)	14	56.4
Outcomes	62	32.6
Assessment of 15-year-old students	14	37.6
Assessment of 8th Grade students	9	27.5
EDUCATIONAL ENABLING ENVIRONMENT	88	54.6
Expenditure on Education	100	33.3
Government expenditure, primary (% of GDP)	68	29.2
Government expenditure, secondary (% of GDP)	61	40.4
Expenditure on educational institutions, all levels (%)	4	30.1
Early Childhood Education (ECE)	74	44.4
Gross enrolment ratio, ECE (%)	74	44.4
Grade 1 entrants with ECE (%)	N/A	N/A
School Environment	76	79.1
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary (HC)	42	74.5
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary (HC)	18	44.9
Trained teachers, primary (%)	49	97.9
Trained teachers, secondary (%)	44	98.8

Colombia	Rank	Value
Technical Vocational Education and Training	104	46.1
FORMATION AND PROFESSIONAL TRAINING	122	27.8
Continuous Training	34	59.5
Extent of staff training	45	44.0
Availability of research and training services	56	53.2
Firms offering formal training (%)	90	81.4
Educational Structure	127	6.7
Expenditure on non-tertiary vocational education	2	1.5
Enrolment in vocational programmes, secondary (%)	46	11.9
Enrolment in vocational programmes, post-secondary non-tertiary	N/A	N/A
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary vocational (HC)	N/A	N/A
FEATURES OF THE LABOR MARKET	4	73.5
Qualifications of the Human Capital	15	72.8
Poor work ethic in the labour force	108	90.5
Ease of finding skilled employees	71	55.0
Technicians per thousand labour force (HC)	N/A	N/A
Structure of the Labor Market	37	75.2
Restrictive labour regulations	48	72.5
Labour freedom	117	77.9

Colombia	Rank	Value
Higher Education	72	36.9
HIGHER EDUCATION INPUTS	87	37.4
Expenditure	75	18.9
Government expenditure, tertiary (% of GDP)	52	29.0
Government expenditure per student, tertiary (constant PPP$)	37	8.8
Enrolment	105	19.2
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 6 (%)	31	15.6
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 7 (%)	13	2.8
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 8 (%)	29	39.2
Human Resources	12	83.1
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary (HC)	66	76.1
Researchers in higher education (%)	97	90.1
HIGHER EDUCATION OUTPUTS AND QUALITY	66	36.6
Graduation	67	34.0
Graduates, ISCED 6 (%)	19	25.9
Graduates, ISCED 7 (%)	90	53.7
Graduates, ISCED 8 (%)	25	22.5
Employment After Graduation	64	51.7
Labour force with advanced education (%)	77	43.4
Unemployment with advanced education (%)	31	60.0
Quality of Universities	37	46.6
University-industry collaboration in R&D	78	43.2
Globally-ranked universities	50	50.0
Competency of Students	75	17.1
Enrolment in globally ranked-universities (% of tertiary students)	16	33.3
Inbound mobility rate (%)	8	0.9

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Colombia	Rank	Value
Research, Development and Innovation	67	21.9
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT	54	21.8
Research and Development Inputs	61	21.0
GERD (% of GDP)	30	5.3
GERD per researcher (constant '000 $PPP)	80	38.0
Researchers per thousand labour force (HC)	26	2.1
Graduates from ICT, science and engineering programmes, tertiary	54	29.2
High-technology net imports (% of total trade)	110	52.6
Research and Development Outputs	47	22.7
Average documents per researcher	104	75.0
Citations per document	31	22.6
Citable documents H index	86	16.4
Best scientific journal (SJR ranking)	39	25.7
Quality of research institutions	68	47.9
Patent applications (per million inhabitants)	51	1.0
INNOVATION IN PRODUCTION	101	16.7
Inputs of Innovation in Production	98	19.8
GERD performed by business enterprises (% of GDP)	22	2.1
GERD financed by business enterprises (%)	49	43.1
Researchers (HC) in business enterprise (%)	6	0.8
FDI and technology transfer	58	54.4
Outputs of Innovation in Production	78	14.7
Intellectual property receipts (% of total trade)	73	6.6
Industrial design applications (per billion PPP$ GDP)	36	3.1
Production process sophistication	56	44.7
Extent of marketing	57	56.3
SOCIAL INNOVATION	81	27.4
Inputs of Social Innovation	61	29.8
Ease of protecting minority investors	116	73.3
Joint venture per strategic alliance deals	6	5.3
ICT goods imported (% of total imports)	104	42.0
Total computer software spending (% of GDP)	48	18.5
New business density	52	11.4
Outputs of Social Innovation	91	25.8
Trademark applications (per billion PPP$ GDP)	65	18.6
National feature films produced (per million inhabitant)	39	7.2
Printing and publishing manufactures (% of manufactured output)	45	25.0
ICT goods exported (% of total exports)	41	56.8

Colombia	Rank	Value
Information and Communications Technology	54	54.1
ICT INPUTS	42	67.6
Infrastructure	45	53.4
Population covered by mobile-cellular networks (%)	104	100.0
International Internet bandwidth per Internet user (Kbit/s)	101	58.0
Secure Internet servers (per million inhabitants)	66	2.3
Sector Competitiveness	45	81.7
ICT Price Basket	45	94.2
Internet and telephony level of competition	100	100.0
Laws relating to ICTs	72	50.9
ICT OUTPUTS	60	48.3
Subscriptions	74	29.2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions (per 100 inhabitants)	59	23.8
Mobile-cellular subscriptions (per 100 inhabitants)	66	39.6
Fixed-broadband subscriptions (per 100 inhabitants)	70	25.5
Active mobile-broadband subscriptions (per 100 inhabitants)	39	28.0
Usage by Individuals	68	63.9
Internet users (%)	62	57.1
Use of virtual social networks	47	73.2
Business-to-consumer Internet use	74	61.3
Usage by Government and Institutions	38	60.5
Firm-level technology absorption	48	54.6
Government Online Service Index	104	79.0
Government success in ICT promotion	76	53.6
Unlicensed software installation rates	58	54.8
Impact on Development	49	42.1
ICT PCT patents, applications (per million inhabitants)	31	4.1
Impact of ICTs on business models	76	60.7
Social impacts of ICT	87	61.6

Colombia	Rank	Value
Economy	77	41.7
KNOWLEDGE COMPETITIVENESS	76	49.7
Economic Infrastructure and Competition	90	57.3
Ease of starting a business	82	89.6
Ease of enforcing a contract	6	34.3
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)	95	48.9
Logistics Performance Index	37	38.6
Intensity of local competition	109	75.8
Availability of latest technologies	47	56.8
Competitiveness Drivers	58	42.2
Business impact of rules on FDI	49	55.1
FDI, net inflows (% of GDP)	93	57.4
Global Entrepreneurship Index	76	37.3
Investment in telecom services (% of GDP)	82	30.8
Venture capital availability	59	30.2
ECONOMIC OPENNESS	51	37.1
Creative Economy	24	47.2
High-technology net exports (% of total trade)	65	9.7
Creative services exports (% of total trade in services)	104	76.3
Creative goods exports (% of total trade in goods)	74	55.5
Trade	120	27.1
Trade (% of GDP)	5	4.1
Prevalence of non-tariff barriers	38	50.1
FINANCING AND VALUE ADDED	102	30.3
Financing and Taxes	113	30.5
Total tax and contribution rate (% of profit)	2	18.5
Soundness of banks	100	77.1
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP)	56	18.6
Bank deposits to GDP (%)	14	7.9
Domestic Value-added	83	30.2
High-skilled employment (% of total employed people)	52	28.2
Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)	54	32.1

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