Colombia	Rank	Value
Pre-University Education	89	50.2
KNOWLEDGE CAPITAL	89	47.3
Enrolment	35	47.6
Gross enrolment ratio, primary (%)	21	54.2
Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary (%)	69	39.6
Out-of-school children (%)	46	48.9
Completion	89	61.6
Gross graduation ratio, primary (%)	26	82.0
Gross graduation ratio, upper secondary (%)	45	46.5
Survival rate, last grade of lower secondary (%)	106	56.4
Outcomes	62	32.6
Assessment of 15-year-old students	55	37.6
Assessment of 8th Grade students	44	27.5
EDUCATIONAL ENABLING ENVIRONMENT	88	54.6
Expenditure on Education	100	33.3
Government expenditure, primary (% of GDP)	47	29.2
Government expenditure, secondary (% of GDP)	57	40.4
Expenditure on educational institutions, all levels (%)	104	30.1
Early Childhood Education (ECE)	74	44.4
Gross enrolment ratio, ECE (%)	49	44.4
Grade 1 entrants with ECE (%)	N/A	N/A
School Environment	76	79.1
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary (HC)	84	74.5
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary (HC)	98	44.9
Trained teachers, primary (%)	28	97.9
Trained teachers, secondary (%)	16	98.8

Colombia	Rank	Value
Technical Vocational Education and Training	104	46.1
FORMATION AND PROFESSIONAL TRAINING	122	27.8
Continuous Training	34	59.5
Extent of staff training	85	44.0
Availability of specialized training services	74	53.2
Firms offering formal training (%)	4	81.4
Educational Structure	127	6.7
Expenditure on non-tertiary vocational education	64	1.5
Enrolment in vocational programmes, secondary (%)	78	11.9
Enrolment in vocational programmes, post-secondary non-tertiary (%)	N/A	N/A
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary vocational (HC)	N/A	N/A
FEATURES OF THE LABOR MARKET	4	73.5
Qualifications of the Human Capital	15	72.8
Poor work ethic in the labour force	18	90.5
Availability of skilled employees	51	55.0
Technicians per thousand labour force (HC)	N/A	N/A
Structure of the Labor Market	37	75.2
Restrictive labour regulations	81	72.5
Labour freedom	15	77.9

Colombia	Rank	Value
Higher Education	72	36.9
HIGHER EDUCATION INPUTS	87	37.4
Expenditure	75	18.9
Government expenditure, tertiary (% of GDP)	68	29.0
Government expenditure per student, tertiary (constant PPP$)	75	8.8
Enrolment	105	19.2
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 6 (%)	76	39.2
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 7 (%)	75	15.6
Enrolment in tertiary education, ISCED 8 (%)	103	2.8
Human Resources	12	83.1
Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary (HC)	52	76.1
Researchers in Higher education (%)	12	90.1
HIGHER EDUCATION OUTPUTS AND QUALITY	66	36.6
Graduation	67	34.0
Graduates, ISCED 6 (%)	78	25.9
Graduates, ISCED 7 (%)	7	53.7
Graduates, ISCED 8 (%)	78	22.5
Employment After Graduation	64	51.7
Labour force with advanced education (%)	43	43.4
Unemployment with advanced education (%)	85	60.0
Quality of Universities	37	46.6
University-industry collaboration in R&D	52	43.2
Number of globally-ranked universities	22	50.0
Competency of Students	75	17.1
Enrolment in globally ranked-universities (% of tertiary students)	65	33.3
Inbound mobility rate (%)	104	0.9

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Colombia	Rank	Value
Research, Development and Innovation	67	21.9
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT	54	21.8
Research and Development Inputs	61	21.0
GERD (% of GDP)	77	5.3
GERD per researcher (constant '000 $PPP)	22	38.0
Researchers per thousand labour force (HC)	84	2.1
Graduates from ICT, Science and Engineering programmes, tertiary (%)	44	29.2
High-technology net imports (% of total trade)	15	52.6
Research and Development Outputs	47	22.7
Average documents per researcher	6	75.0
Citations per document	100	22.6
Citable documents H index	45	16.4
Best scientific journal (SJR ranking)	55	25.7
Quality of scientific research institutions	62	47.9
PCT patents applications (per million inhabitants)	61	1.0
INNOVATION IN PRODUCTION	101	16.7
Inputs of Innovation in Production	98	19.8
GERD performed by business enterprises (% of GDP)	60	2.1
GERD financed by business enterprises (%)	44	43.1
Researchers (HC) in Business enterprise (%)	82	0.8
FDI and technology transfer	72	54.4
Outputs of Innovation in Production	78	14.7
Intellectual property receipts (% of total trade)	47	6.6
Industrial design applications (per billion PPP$ GDP)	77	3.1
Production process sophistication	74	44.7
Extent of marketing	73	56.3
SOCIAL INNOVATION	81	27.4
Inputs of Social Innovation	61	29.8
Ease of protecting minority investors	13	73.3
Joint venture per strategic alliance deals	73	5.3
ICT goods imported (% of total imports)	26	42.0
Total computer software spending (% of GDP)	66	18.5
New business density	48	11.4
Outputs of Social Innovation	91	25.8
Trademark applications (per billion PPP$ GDP)	58	18.6
National feature films produced (per million inhabitants)	65	7.2
Printing and publishing manufactures (% of manufactured output)	52	25.0
ICT goods exported (% of total exports)	87	56.8

Colombia	Rank	Value
Information and Communications Technology	54	54.1
ICT INPUTS	42	67.6
Infrastructure	45	53.4
Population covered by mobile-cellular networks (%)	1	100.0
International Internet bandwidth per Internet user (Kbit/s)	30	58.0
Secure Internet servers (per million inhabitants)	65	2.3
Sector Competitiveness	45	81.7
ICT Price Basket	82	94.2
Internet and telephony level of competition	1	100.0
Laws relating to ICTs	58	50.9
ICT OUTPUTS	60	48.3
Subscriptions	74	29.2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions (per 100 inhabitants)	72	23.8
Mobile-cellular subscriptions (per 100 inhabitants)	65	39.6
Fixed-broadband subscriptions (per 100 inhabitants)	61	25.5
Active mobile-broadband subscriptions (per 100 inhabitants)	92	28.0
Usage by Individuals	68	63.9
Internet users (%)	69	57.1
Use of virtual social networks	83	73.2
Business-to-consumer Internet use	54	61.3
Usage by Government and Institutions	38	60.5
Firm-level technology absorption	82	54.6
Government Online Service Index	27	79.0
Government success in ICT promotion	52	53.6
Unlicensed software installation rates	41	54.8
Impact on Development	49	42.1
ICT PCT patents, applications (per million inhabitants)	67	4.1
Impact of ICTs on business models	54	60.7
Social impacts of ICT	43	61.6

Colombia	Rank	Value
Economy	77	41.7
KNOWLEDGE COMPETITIVENESS	76	49.7
Economic Infrastructure and Competition	90	57.3
Ease of starting a business	50	89.6
Ease of enforcing a contract	126	34.3
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)	34	48.9
Logistics Performance Index	91	38.6
Intensity of local competition	21	75.8
Availability of latest technologies	83	56.8
Competitiveness Drivers	58	42.2
Business impact of rules on FDI	81	55.1
FDI, net inflows (% of GDP)	37	57.4
Global Entrepreneurship Index	42	37.3
Investment in telecom services (% of GDP)	40	30.8
Venture capital availability	71	30.2
ECONOMIC OPENNESS	51	37.1
Creative Economy	24	47.2
High-technology net exports (% of total trade)	55	9.7
Creative services' exports (% of total trade in services)	8	76.3
Creative goods' exports (% of total trade in goods)	55	55.5
Trade	120	27.1
Trade (% of GDP)	126	4.1
Prevalence of non-tariff barriers	92	50.1
FINANCING AND VALUE ADDED	102	30.3
Financing and Taxes	113	30.5
Total tax rate (% of commercial profits)	129	18.5
Soundness of banks	30	77.1
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP)	74	18.6
Bank deposits to GDP (%)	115	7.9
Domestic Value-added	83	30.2
High-skilled employment (% of total employed people)	78	28.2
Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)	70	32.1

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